React has been a game-changer in the world of web development. It's time to explore the exciting world of hooks. React introduces a plethora of hooks to simplify your component logic, making your code more efficient and maintainable. In this article, we'll delve into 15 new hooks that come with React 18, explaining their usage and providing real-world examples.
| No. | React Hook |
|---|---|
| 1. | useState |
| 2. | useReducer |
| 3. | useContext |
| 4. | useEffect |
| 5. | useLayoutEffect |
| 6. | useDebugValue |
| 7. | useRef |
| 8. | useImperativeHandle |
| 9. | useCallback |
| 10. | useMemo |
| 11. | useLocation |
| 12. | useHistory |
| 13. | useParams |
| 14. | useTransition |
| 15. | useDeferredValue |
| 16. | custom hooks |
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useStateis one of the most commonly used React hooks, introduced in React 16.8. It allows functional components to manage and update their internal state, making them dynamic and responsive. WithuseState, you can declare state variables and easily update them, triggering re-renders when the state changes.Example of
useStatein ReactHere's a simple example of how to use
useStatein a React functional component:import React, { useState } from 'react'; function Counter() { // Declare a state variable named "count" with an initial value of 0 const [count, setCount] = useState(0); // Event handler to increment the count const incrementCount = () => { setCount(count + 1); }; // Event handler to reset the count const resetCount = () => { setCount(0); }; return ( <div> <p>Count: {count}</p> <button onClick={incrementCount}>Increment</button> <button onClick={resetCount}>Reset</button> </div> ); } export default Counter;
In this example, we create a
Countercomponent using theuseStatehook. Here's a breakdown of what's happening:-
We import React and the
useStatehook from the 'react' library. -
Inside the
Countercomponent, we declare a state variable namedcountusing theuseStatehook. The initial value ofcountis set to 0. TheuseStatefunction returns an array with two elements: the current state value (count) and a function to update that state (setCount). -
We define two event handlers,
incrementCountandresetCount, which use thesetCountfunction to update thecountstate. WhensetCountis called, it triggers a re-render of the component with the new state value. -
In the component's JSX, we display the current count value, and there are two buttons. Clicking the "Increment" button calls the
incrementCountfunction, and clicking the "Reset" button calls theresetCountfunction, updating the count accordingly.
The
useStatehook simplifies state management in functional components, making it easy to handle and update component-specific data. It allows you to create interactive and dynamic user interfaces without the need for class components or complex state management code. -
-
useReduceris a React hook that is used to manage state in a more structured and predictable way. It is especially useful when you have state that depends on the previous state and when you need to handle complex state transitions and logic.Example of
useReducerin ReactHere's an example of how to use
useReducerin a React functional component:import React, { useReducer } from 'react'; // Define a reducer function function counterReducer(state, action) { switch (action.type) { case 'increment': return { count: state.count + 1 }; case 'decrement': return { count: state.count - 1 }; default: return state; } } function Counter() { const [state, dispatch] = useReducer(counterReducer, { count: 0 }); return ( <div> <p>Count: {state.count}</p> <button onClick={() => dispatch({ type: 'increment' })}>Increment</button> <button onClick={() => dispatch({ type: 'decrement' })}>Decrement</button> </div> ); } export default Counter;
In this example, we create a counter component using the
useReducerhook. ThecounterReducerfunction defines how the state should be updated based on different actions, and thedispatchfunction is used to dispatch these actions.State Hooks, whether
useStateoruseReducer, have transformed the way we handle state in React. They have brought simplicity, clarity, and reusability to state management, making React applications more efficient and maintainable.In this article, we'll explore these hooks in greater depth, provide examples of their usage, and discuss best practices to help you become proficient in managing state in your React applications.
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useContextis a React hook that allows functional components to access context values. Context in React is a way to share data that can be considered "global" to a component tree, without manually passing it through props at each level.Example of
useContextin ReactIn this example, we'll create a simple theme-switching application that uses
useContextto share the current theme throughout the component tree.Step 1: Create a Theme Context
First, define a theme context with an initial theme value:
// ThemeContext.js import React, { createContext, useContext, useState } from 'react'; const ThemeContext = createContext(); export function ThemeProvider({ children }) { const [theme, setTheme] = useState('light'); const toggleTheme = () => { setTheme(theme === 'light' ? 'dark' : 'light'); }; return ( <ThemeContext.Provider value={{ theme, toggleTheme }}> {children} </ThemeContext.Provider> ); } export function useTheme() { return useContext(ThemeContext); }
In this code:
- We create a
ThemeContextusing thecreateContextfunction. - We define a
ThemeProvidercomponent that manages the theme state and provides the theme value and a function to toggle the theme using theuseStatehook. - The
useThemecustom hook allows us to easily access the theme and toggle function.
Step 2: Using
useContextto Consume the ContextNow, let's use the theme context in our components:
// App.js import React from 'react'; import { ThemeProvider, useTheme } from './ThemeContext'; import ThemeSwitcher from './ThemeSwitcher'; function App() { return ( <ThemeProvider> <div className="App"> <Header /> <Content /> </div> </ThemeProvider> ); } function Header() { const { theme } = useTheme(); return ( <header className={`header ${theme}`}> <h1>My Theme App</h1> <ThemeSwitcher /> </header> ); } function Content() { const { theme } = useTheme(); return ( <div className={`content ${theme}`}> <p>This is the content of my app.</p> </div> ); } export default App;
In this code:
- We wrap our
Appcomponent with theThemeProvider, which provides the theme context. - Inside the
HeaderandContentcomponents, we use theuseThemecustom hook to access the theme value. - The theme value is applied to the
classNameof the elements, allowing us to switch between "light" and "dark" themes.
Step 3: Create the ThemeSwitcher Component
Let's create a component to switch between themes:
// ThemeSwitcher.js import React from 'react'; import { useTheme } from './ThemeContext'; function ThemeSwitcher() { const { theme, toggleTheme } = useTheme(); return ( <button onClick={toggleTheme}> Switch to {theme === 'light' ? 'dark' : 'light'} mode </button> ); } export default ThemeSwitcher;
In this component, we use the
useThemecustom hook to access thethemeandtoggleThemefunction to switch between light and dark themes.By using the
useContexthook along with a custom hook, you can efficiently access and manage shared state or data within your React application without the need for prop drilling, making your code more maintainable and clean. - We create a
-
useEffectis a React Hook that allows you to perform side effects in functional components. It's equivalent to the lifecycle methodscomponentDidMount,componentDidUpdate, andcomponentWillUnmountin class components. WithuseEffect, you can execute code after the component has rendered and react to changes in props and state.Example of
useEffectin ReactIn this example, we'll create a simple React component that fetches and displays data from an API when the component is mounted.
import React, { useState, useEffect } from 'react'; function DataFetchingComponent() { const [data, setData] = useState([]); const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true); useEffect(() => { // This code block runs after the component has rendered fetch('https://api.example.com/data') // Replace with your API endpoint .then((response) => response.json()) .then((result) => { setData(result); setLoading(false); }) .catch((error) => { console.error('Error fetching data: ', error); setLoading(false); }); }, []); // The empty dependency array means this effect runs only on component mount return ( <div> {loading ? ( <p>Loading...</p> ) : ( <ul> {data.map((item) => ( <li key={item.id}>{item.name}</li> ))} </ul> )} </div> ); } export default DataFetchingComponent;
In this code:
- We import React,
useState, anduseEffectfrom 'react'. - We create a functional component called
DataFetchingComponent. - Inside the component, we declare state variables
dataandloadingusing theuseStatehook. - We use the
useEffecthook to fetch data from an API when the component is mounted. The empty dependency array[]indicates that this effect should only run once after the initial render.
Here's a step-by-step explanation of what's happening:
-
When the component is mounted, the
useEffectcode block fetches data from the API using thefetchfunction. -
Once the data is fetched, it's processed, and the state is updated using the
setDataandsetLoadingfunctions, which triggers a re-render. -
The component renders either a "Loading..." message or a list of data items based on the
loadingstate.
Using
useEffect, you can easily manage asynchronous operations, data fetching, and other side effects within your functional components. It helps keep your components clean, efficient, and responsive to changes. - We import React,
-
useLayoutEffectis a React Hook that is similar touseEffect. The key difference is the timing of when the effect runs.useLayoutEffectruns synchronously after the DOM is mutated but before the browser repaints. This makes it ideal for tasks that require immediate DOM changes.Example of
useLayoutEffectin ReactIn this example, we'll create a React component that uses
useLayoutEffectto change the background color of a button element immediately after it's rendered. This demonstrates howuseLayoutEffectcan be useful for tasks that require changes to the DOM before it's painted.import React, { useState, useLayoutEffect } from 'react'; function ButtonComponent() { const [backgroundColor, setBackgroundColor] = useState('white'); useLayoutEffect(() => { setBackgroundColor('blue'); // Change the background color immediately after rendering }, []); // The empty dependency array means this effect runs only once after the initial render return ( <button style={{ backgroundColor }}>Click me</button> ); } export default ButtonComponent;
In this code:
- We import React,
useState, anduseLayoutEffectfrom 'react'. - We create a functional component called
ButtonComponent. - Inside the component, we declare a state variable
backgroundColorusing theuseStatehook.
The key part is the
useLayoutEffect:-
The
useLayoutEffectcode block changes thebackgroundColorstate variable to 'blue' immediately after rendering, thanks to the synchronous nature ofuseLayoutEffect. -
The component renders a button element with a dynamic background color based on the
backgroundColorstate.
When the component is rendered, the button's background color changes to 'blue' without waiting for the next browser paint. This demonstrates how
useLayoutEffectcan be useful for tasks that require immediate DOM changes, ensuring a smoother user experience.Keep in mind that, in most cases, you'll use the standard
useEffecthook for handling side effects, as it doesn't block the painting phase.useLayoutEffectis generally used for very specific scenarios where synchronous DOM mutations are required. - We import React,
-
useDebugValueis a hook that enables you to provide additional information about your custom hooks for React DevTools. It's particularly useful when creating custom hooks that encapsulate complex logic or state management, making it easier to understand and debug the behavior of these hooks.Example of
useDebugValuein a Custom HookIn this example, we'll create a simple custom hook called
useCounterthat counts and displays a value. We'll useuseDebugValueto provide a label for React DevTools.import { useState, useEffect, useDebugValue } from 'react'; function useCounter(initialValue) { const [count, setCount] = useState(initialValue); useEffect(() => { document.title = `Count: ${count}`; }, [count]); useDebugValue(count, (count) => `Custom Counter: ${count}`); // Debug label return { count, increment: () => setCount(count + 1) }; } export default useCounter;
In this code:
-
We import React's
useState,useEffect, anduseDebugValuehooks. -
We create a custom hook named
useCounterthat takes an initial value and returns an object with the currentcountvalue and anincrementfunction to increase the count. -
Inside the
useEffect, we update the document title with the current count whenever thecountchanges. -
The key part is the
useDebugValuehook. We use it to provide a label and value for React DevTools. This allows you to see a more informative label in DevTools when inspecting this custom hook. The custom label is created based on the count value.
Using the
useCountercustom hookNow, you can use the
useCountercustom hook in your components:import React from 'react'; import useCounter from './useCounter'; function CounterComponent() { const counter = useCounter(0); return ( <div> <p>Count: {counter.count}</p> <button onClick={counter.increment}>Increment</button> </div> ); } export default CounterComponent;
In this component, we use the
useCountercustom hook to manage the count state and increment function. The custom label provided byuseDebugValuewill be visible in React DevTools when inspecting theuseCounterhook.This example demonstrates how
useDebugValuecan be used to improve the debugging experience when creating custom hooks by providing informative labels for custom hooks in React DevTools. It's especially helpful for hooks that encapsulate complex logic or state management. -
-
useRefis a Hook that provides a way to reference and interact with DOM elements and other values in a functional component. It is commonly used when you need to access the underlying DOM, manage values that don't trigger re-renders, or perform actions that require direct manipulation.Example of
useRefin ReactIn this example, we'll use
useRefto focus an input element when the component mounts:import React, { useRef, useEffect } from 'react'; function FocusInput() { // Create a ref to store a reference to the input element const inputRef = useRef(null); // Use useEffect to focus the input element when the component mounts useEffect(() => { inputRef.current.focus(); }, []); return ( <div> <p>Click the button to focus the input field:</p> <input ref={inputRef} /> </div> ); } export default FocusInput;
In this code:
-
We import React,
useRef, anduseEffectfrom 'react'. -
Inside the
FocusInputcomponent, we create a ref usinguseRef. The initial value of the ref is set tonull. -
We use the
useEffecthook to focus the input element when the component mounts. We do this by callinginputRef.current.focus(). -
In the component's JSX, we render a paragraph and an input field. We attach the
inputRefto therefattribute of the input element. -
When the component mounts, the
useEffectis triggered, and it callsinputRef.current.focus(), which focuses the input field.
This is just a basic example of how to use
useRefto access and interact with DOM elements. You can also useuseRefto store and manipulate values, including custom data, without causing re-renders in your component.useRefis a versatile tool for handling various scenarios in React. -
-
useImperativeHandleis a Hook that gives you control over what is exposed when a parent component uses arefto access a child component. It allows you to customize the instance value that the parent component sees, making it possible to expose only the methods or properties that are relevant.Example of
useImperativeHandlein ReactChild Component (Child.js):
import React, { useImperativeHandle, forwardRef } from 'react'; const Child = forwardRef((props, ref) => { // Create a local variable let count = 0; // Define a function that increments the count const incrementCount = () => { count += 1; }; // Expose the incrementCount function to the parent component useImperativeHandle(ref, () => ({ incrementCount, })); return ( <div> <p>Child Component</p> </div> ); }); export default Child;
In this code:
-
We import React,
useImperativeHandle, andforwardReffrom 'react'. -
We create a functional child component called
Child. -
Inside the
Childcomponent, we define a local variablecountand a functionincrementCountthat increments thecount. -
We use
useImperativeHandleto expose theincrementCountfunction to the parent component via theref. This means the parent can access and call theincrementCountfunction on the child component.
Parent Component (Parent.js):
import React, { useRef } from 'react'; import Child from './Child'; function Parent() { const childRef = useRef(); const handleIncrement = () => { childRef.current.incrementCount(); }; return ( <div> <p>Parent Component</p> <button onClick={handleIncrement}>Increment Child Count</button> <Child ref={childRef} /> </div> ); } export default Parent;
In this code:
-
We create a parent component called
Parent. -
Inside the
Parentcomponent, we useuseRefto create achildRefthat we will use to access the child component. -
We define a function
handleIncrementthat calls theincrementCountfunction on the child component when a button is clicked. -
The
Childcomponent is rendered with arefattribute that points to thechildRef. This allows the parent to access the child component and call theincrementCountfunction.
When you click the "Increment Child Count" button in the parent component, it calls the
incrementCountfunction in the child component, incrementing thecountvariable in the child. This demonstrates howuseImperativeHandleallows you to expose specific methods or properties of a child component to its parent, providing greater control and encapsulation of functionality. -
-
useCallbackis a React Hook that memoizes a function, creating a memoized version of the function that will only change if its dependencies change. This is beneficial when you want to optimize performance by avoiding re-creating functions on each render, especially when those functions are passed as props to child components.Example of
useCallbackin ReactIn this example, we'll create a simple counter application with two buttons, and we'll use
useCallbackto optimize the event handler functions.import React, { useState, useCallback } from 'react'; function Counter() { const [count, setCount] = useState(0); // Create memoized event handlers with useCallback const increment = useCallback(() => { setCount(count + 1); }, [count]); const decrement = useCallback(() => { setCount(count - 1); }, [count]); return ( <div> <p>Count: {count}</p> <button onClick={increment}>Increment</button> <button onClick={decrement}>Decrement</button> </div> ); } export default Counter;
In this code:
-
We import React,
useState, anduseCallbackfrom 'react'. -
Inside the
Countercomponent, we declare a state variablecountto hold the current count and an event handler functionsetCountto update the count. -
We create two memoized event handlers,
incrementanddecrement, usinguseCallback. These event handlers update the count state by incrementing and decrementing it, respectively. -
We provide the
useCallbackhook with a dependency array. In this case, the dependency array contains thecountvariable, which indicates that the event handlers should only be recreated if thecountvalue changes. -
In the component's JSX, we display the current count and two buttons with the memoized event handlers for increment and decrement.
By using
useCallback, the event handlers are memoized and only recreated when thecountvariable changes. This optimization prevents unnecessary re-renders and can be especially useful in scenarios where you pass these functions as props to child components. It helps improve the performance of your React applications by ensuring that functions remain consistent and do not cause unnecessary re-renders. -
-
useMemois a React Hook that memoizes a value based on a function and a list of dependencies. It calculates the value once and then returns that memoized value on subsequent renders unless one of the dependencies has changed. This can be particularly useful when you need to optimize the calculation of derived data, heavy computations, or data transformations.Example of
useMemoin ReactIn this example, we'll create a simple React component that calculates the factorial of a number using
useMemoto optimize the computation:import React, { useState, useMemo } from 'react'; function FactorialCalculator({ number }) { const factorial = useMemo(() => calculateFactorial(number), [number]); function calculateFactorial(n) { if (n === 0 || n === 1) { return 1; } return n * calculateFactorial(n - 1); } return ( <div> <p>Factorial of {number} is {factorial}</p> </div> ); } export default FactorialCalculator;
In this code:
-
We import React,
useState, anduseMemofrom 'react'. -
Inside the
FactorialCalculatorcomponent, we receive anumberprop, which is the input for which we want to calculate the factorial. -
We use the
useMemohook to memoize the result of thecalculateFactorialfunction. The first argument touseMemois a function that performs the calculation, and the second argument is an array of dependencies. In this case, the dependency is thenumberprop. The value is calculated only when thenumberprop changes. -
The
calculateFactorialfunction is a recursive function that calculates the factorial of a number. -
In the component's JSX, we display the calculated factorial.
By using
useMemo, we ensure that thefactorialvalue is calculated only when thenumberprop changes. If thenumberprop remains the same between renders, the memoizedfactorialvalue is reused, preventing unnecessary re-computation and improving the performance of the component.useMemois especially valuable when you have expensive computations or data transformations in your components. It optimizes your application by ensuring that calculations are performed only when necessary and reusing previously calculated results when the dependencies don't change. -
-
The
useLocationhook is commonly used in React applications that use thereact-router-domlibrary for client-side routing. It provides access to the current location object, allowing you to examine and work with the various parts of the URL, such as the pathname and search parameters. This is useful for creating dynamic UIs and navigation based on the current URL.Example of
useLocationin ReactSuppose you have a React application that uses
react-router-domfor routing. Here's how you can use theuseLocationhook to access and display the current pathname and search parameters in your component:First, make sure to install
react-router-domif you haven't already:npm install react-router-dom
Now, let's create a simple component that uses the
useLocationhook:import React from 'react'; import { useLocation } from 'react-router-dom'; function CurrentLocation() { // Use the useLocation hook to access the current location object const location = useLocation(); return ( <div> <h2>Current Location Details:</h2> <p>Pathname: {location.pathname}</p> <p>Search Params: {location.search}</p> </div> ); } export default CurrentLocation;
In this example:
-
We import
useLocationfrom'react-router-dom'. -
Inside the
CurrentLocationcomponent, we use theuseLocationhook to access the current location object, which contains information about the URL. -
We then display the current pathname and search parameters from the location object in the component.
Remember to use this component within a
Routercontext provided byreact-router-domso that theuseLocationhook can access the current route information. When the route changes, theCurrentLocationcomponent will automatically reflect the updated URL information.This is just a simple example, but you can use the
useLocationhook to create more complex navigation and UI features based on the current URL in your React application. -
-
The
useHistoryhook is part of thereact-router-domlibrary and provides a way to interact with the browser's history and navigate between routes programmatically in a React application. It's particularly useful for implementing dynamic navigation, redirecting users, and performing actions based on user interactions.Example of
useHistoryin ReactSuppose you have a simple React application that uses
react-router-domfor routing. Here's how you can use theuseHistoryhook to programmatically navigate to different routes based on user interactions:First, ensure you have
react-router-dominstalled:npm install react-router-dom
Now, let's create a component that uses the
useHistoryhook:import React from 'react'; import { useHistory } from 'react-router-dom'; function NavigationExample() { // Use the useHistory hook to get access to the history object const history = useHistory(); const navigateToAbout = () => { // Programmatically navigate to the '/about' route history.push('/about'); }; const goBack = () => { // Navigate back in the browser's history history.goBack(); }; return ( <div> <h2>Navigation Example</h2> <button onClick={navigateToAbout}>Go to About</button> <button onClick={goBack}>Go Back</button> </div> ); } export default NavigationExample;
In this example:
-
We import
useHistoryfrom'react-router-dom'. -
Inside the
NavigationExamplecomponent, we use theuseHistoryhook to get access to thehistoryobject. -
We define two functions:
navigateToAboutandgoBack. When the buttons are clicked, these functions use thehistoryobject to perform navigation actions. -
navigateToAboutuseshistory.push('/about')to programmatically navigate to the '/about' route. -
goBackuseshistory.goBack()to navigate back in the browser's history stack.
Make sure that this component is used within a
Routercontext provided byreact-router-domto access thehistoryobject properly. TheuseHistoryhook allows you to create dynamic and interactive navigation elements in your React application. -
-
The
useParamshook is part of thereact-router-domlibrary and provides a way to access URL parameters defined in your routes. URL parameters are placeholders in your route patterns that can capture dynamic values from the URL and make them available in your components. This is useful for building components that rely on dynamic data from the URL.Example of
useParamsin ReactSuppose you have a React application with a route that includes a dynamic URL parameter, such as a product ID. You can use the
useParamshook to access and use that parameter in your component:First, ensure you have
react-router-dominstalled:npm install react-router-dom
Now, let's create a component that uses the
useParamshook:import React from 'react'; import { useParams } from 'react-router-dom'; function ProductDetail() { // Use the useParams hook to access URL parameters const { productId } = useParams(); return ( <div> <h2>Product Detail</h2> <p>Product ID: {productId}</p> </div> ); } export default ProductDetail;
In this example:
-
We import
useParamsfrom'react-router-dom'. -
Inside the
ProductDetailcomponent, we use theuseParamshook to access URL parameters. In this case, we're capturing theproductIdparameter from the URL. -
We display the value of the
productIdparameter in the component, allowing you to use it for data retrieval, rendering, or any other purpose.
To use this component and see it in action, you would define a route in your routing configuration that includes a dynamic URL parameter, like this:
import { BrowserRouter, Route, Switch } from 'react-router-dom'; function App() { return ( <BrowserRouter> <Switch> <Route path="/products/:productId"> <ProductDetail /> </Route> </Switch> </BrowserRouter> ); }
In this route configuration, the
:productIdpart of the route pattern captures the dynamic product ID from the URL. TheProductDetailcomponent can then access and use this ID via theuseParamshook.Using the
useParamshook in combination with dynamic routes allows you to create components that adapt to different URL parameters and provide dynamic content based on the current route. -
-
In React 18's concurrent mode, the
useTransitionfunction is used to handle the transition between different render states. Concurrent mode allows React to work on multiple tasks concurrently, making applications more responsive and efficient.The
useTransitionfunction is typically used to wrap asynchronous operations, such as data fetching, to provide a smoother user experience. It helps manage the transition between loading and rendering data by allowing you to show loading indicators or placeholders while data is being fetched, and then smoothly transitioning to the actual data when it's ready.Example of
useTransitionin ReactHere's a conceptual example of how
useTransitionmight be used in a React 18 application, although please note that this example does not reflect the actual API (as of my last update) but illustrates the concept:import React, { useTransition } from 'react'; function AsyncDataFetchingComponent() { const [startTransition, isPending] = useTransition(); const fetchData = async () => { startTransition(() => { // While fetching data, you can show a loading indicator or placeholder. // React will manage the transition smoothly. fetch('https://api.example.com/data') .then((response) => response.json()) .then((data) => { // Update the component state with the fetched data. // React will transition to displaying the data. }); }); }; return ( <div> <button onClick={fetchData}>Fetch Data</button> {isPending ? <LoadingIndicator /> : <DataDisplay />} </div> ); }
In this conceptual example:
-
We use the
useTransitionhook to start a transition. -
When fetching data, React can show a loading indicator (
LoadingIndicator) while transitioning to the data display (DataDisplay) when it's ready.
It's important to recognize that the example provided here is a simplified concept. In practice, utilizing
useTransitionand concurrent mode in React 18 may necessitate more intricate implementation and considerations. To ensure you are following the most current and effective practices, it is advisable to consult the latest React documentation and available resources. -
-
The
useDeferredValuehook is designed to manage when a value is transitioned from being "deferred" to being "current." In React's concurrent mode, when you have expensive or non-urgent data or computations, you can defer their processing to avoid blocking the main thread. This can lead to a more responsive user interface.useDeferredValueis often used in combination withuseTransition. You can specify which data should be deferred and when it should become "current," allowing React to optimize the timing of rendering and transitions.Example of
useDeferredValuein ReactHere's a simplified example of how
useDeferredValuemight be used, although it should be considered a conceptual representation:import React, { useDeferredValue, useTransition } from 'react'; function DeferredDataComponent() { const [isPending, startTransition] = useTransition(); // Simulate expensive data fetching (replace with actual asynchronous operation) const fetchData = async () => { startTransition(() => { // Deferring the processing of data const deferredData = someExpensiveDataProcessing(); // Declare which data should be deferred const deferredValue = useDeferredValue(deferredData); // React will optimize when to make deferredValue "current" // based on the rendering and transition priorities. }); }; return ( <div> <button onClick={fetchData}>Fetch Data</button> {isPending ? <LoadingIndicator /> : <DataDisplay />} </div> ); }
In this conceptual example:
-
We use
useDeferredValueto indicate that thedeferredDatashould be transitioned to a "current" state when it's appropriate according to React's concurrent mode logic. -
We use
useTransitionto manage the transition and indicate that some part of the rendering is pending. -
While data is being processed, we can show a loading indicator (
LoadingIndicator) and transition smoothly to the data display (DataDisplay) when the data becomes "current."
Please note that this example is a simplified illustration of the concept of
useDeferredValue. The actual use and behavior ofuseDeferredValuemay be more complex and require consideration of concurrent mode principles. For the most accurate and up-to-date information onuseDeferredValueand concurrent mode, refer to the latest React documentation and resources. -
-
A custom hook is a JavaScript function that uses built-in hooks or other custom hooks to manage and share stateful logic. Custom hooks are typically used to abstract complex behavior or state management so that it can be reused across multiple components. They follow a naming convention with the "use" prefix to indicate that they are hooks.
Custom hooks can be used for a variety of purposes, such as data fetching, form handling, managing local storage, or any other functionality that involves state or side effects. They help keep components clean and focused by extracting logic into separate, reusable functions.
Example of a Custom Hook
import { useState, useEffect } from 'react'; function useWindowDimensions() { const [windowDimensions, setWindowDimensions] = useState({ width: window.innerWidth, height: window.innerHeight, }); useEffect(() => { function handleResize() { setWindowDimensions({ width: window.innerWidth, height: window.innerHeight, }); } window.addEventListener('resize', handleResize); return () => { window.removeEventListener('resize', handleResize); }; }, []); return windowDimensions; } export default useWindowDimensions;
In this code:
-
We create a custom
useWindowDimensionshook that usesuseStateto manage the window dimensions (width and height). -
We use
useEffectto add a resize event listener that updates the window dimensions when the window is resized. -
The hook returns the current window dimensions.
By using this custom hook, you can access and respond to window dimensions in your components to create responsive and dynamic layouts.
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